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alias tmux="TERM=screen-256color-bce tmux"

And set up the default-terminal option in ~/.tmux.conf,

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set -g default-terminal "screen-256color"
# set -g default-terminal "xterm"

Reference

  • http://rhnh.net/2011/08/20/vim-and-tmux-on-osx
  • http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10158508/lose-vim-colorscheme-in-tmux-mode#comment24005530_10264470
  • http://blog.longwin.com.tw/2011/04/tmux-learn-screen-config-2011/